Genres
Also known as	The Chain Matt Taylor's Chain
Origin	Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
Years active	1968–1974 1982 1983–1986 1988 1991–1992 1995–present
Labels
Associated acts	The Beat 'n Tracks
Members	Barry Harvey Dirk Du Bois
Past members	see Members

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Chain are an Australian blues band formed as The Chain in late 1968 with a line-up including guitarist and vocalist Phil Manning and lead vocalist Wendy Saddington. Saddington left in May 1969 and in September 1970 Matt Taylor joined on lead vocals and harmonica. During the 1990s they were referred to as Matt Taylor's Chain. Their single, 'Black and Blue' (January 1971), is their only top twenty hit. It was written and recorded by the line-up of Manning, Taylor, Barry Harvey on drums and Barry Sullivan on bass guitar. The related album, Toward the Blues, followed in September and peaked in the top ten. Manfred Mann's Earth Band covered 'Black and Blue' on their 1973 album Messin'.

Chain had various line-ups until July 1974 when they disbanded. They reformed in 1982 for a one-off concert and more permanently from 1983 to 1986. From 1998 Chain members are Harvey, Manning, Taylor and Dirk Du Bois on bass guitar. Both Manning and Taylor have also had separate solo careers. In 2005 Chain released an album, Sweet Honey, and continued touring irregularly. On 3 May 2009 they performed at the Cairns Blues Festival. Barry Sullivan died in October 2003. Wendy Saddington died in June 2013 after being diagnosed with oesophageal cancer.

Career[edit]

1968–70: Formation to Live Chain[edit]

Chain's origins trace back to the Beat 'n Tracks (often incorrectly cited as the Beaten Tracks), a pop, blues and R&B band, which formed in Perth in 1965.^[1]^[2] They included Dave Cook on rhythm guitar and vocals, Dave Cross on rhythm guitar and vocals, Paul Frieze on bass guitar, Ross Partington on lead vocals and harmonica (ex-Majestics), Alan Power on lead guitar and vocals, and John Vanderhagh on drums. They played cover versions of the Beatles and Rolling Stones as well as work by Motown, blues and rock artists. Vanderhagh left in the next year and was replaced by Frank Capeling on drums. Cook left in early 1967 and was replaced by Warren Morgan on Farfisa organ and later on Hammond organ. Frieze left in that year and was replaced by John (the 'Scotsman') Gray on bass guitar (ex-Ray Hoff and the Off Beats). Capeling also left in 1967 and was replaced by Ace Follington on drums (ex Yeoman). Later that year Cross left but was not replaced, Scott was replaced by Murray Wilkins on bass guitar and vocals (ex-West Coast Trio).

With the addition of Morgan on organ the Beat 'n Tracks incorporated material from Traffic, Vanilla Fudge, Young Rascals and the Band.^[1]^[2] In 1968 they entered the Hoadley's Battle of the Sounds and won the Perth heats.^[3] Power was replaced by Dave Hole on lead guitar and vocals who left whilst they were in Melbourne competing in the Hoadley's national finals and was replaced by Phil Manning on lead guitar and vocals (ex-Bay City Union, Bobby & Laurie, Laurie Allen Revue).^[1]^[2]^[4] The band returned to Perth but soon relocated to Melbourne. Partington departed in December 1968, returning to Perth to form the Tracks with Joey Anderson on drums (ex-Sari Brit), Pete Tindal on bass guitar and vocals (ex-Cherokees), Peter Waddell on Hammond organ and vocals (ex-Paul McKay Sound), and Lindsay Wells on lead guitar and vocals (also ex-Sari Brit). Partington was replaced by Wendy Saddington on lead vocals (ex-James Taylor Move), who provided the band's new name, the Chain, referencing Aretha Franklin's song, 'Chain of Fools'.^[1]^[2]^[4] The Chain's original line-up was Follington, Manning, Morgan, Wilkins and Saddington.^[1]

Garry Raffaele of The Canberra Times heard the Chain performing early in 1969 and said that '[Saddington] is by far the best female rhythm and blues singer in the country .. [they] gave me the finest night of live rhythm and blues I've heard from an Australian group.'^[5] Saddington left in May of that year to write for the music newspaper Go-Set. She also joined the band Copperwine on lead vocals, with Harry Brus on bass guitar and Jeff St John on co-lead vocals.^[1]^[4] She later had a solo career.^[1]^[2] Saddington was replaced by New Zealand-born Glyn Mason (ex-Larry's Rebels). Wilkins left in August and was replaced by Tim Piper (ex-Electric Heap) on bass guitar. Morgan, who left to join Billy Thorpe and the Aztecs, was replaced by Claude Papesch on organ (also ex-Electric Heap).^[1]^[2]

The Chain's first single, 'Show Me Home', which was written by Manning,^[6] was released by Festival Records in October 1969.^[1] Australian musicologist Ian McFarlane said that '[it] was one of the first progressive blues records ever issued in Australia'.^[1]^[2] Follington, Papesch and Piper had all left by the time it appeared.^[1]^[2] The rhythm section from Wild Cherries, Barry Harvey on drums and Barry Sullivan on bass guitar, joined and their name was shortened to 'Chain' late in 1969.^[1] The band's first album, Live Chain, was recorded in June 1970 at Caesar's Palace discothèque, Sydney, with the line-up of Harvey, Manning, Mason, Morgan and Sullivan.^[1]^[4] It was released in October. Mason had already left to travel overseas. Early in 1975 he had returned to Australia and joined a progressive rock group, Ariel.^[1]^[2]

1970–1971: Classic line-up to Toward the Blues[edit]

In September 1970, Manning asked Matt Taylor to become their full-time front man. Taylor had moved to Melbourne from Brisbane with his band the Bay City Union (which had briefly included Manning), although that band had subsequently broken up. At this point, Chain were Manning, Taylor, Harvey (Little Goose, LG or Albert Goose) and Sullivan (Big Goose or BG), referred to by fans as the classic line-up.^[1]^[2]^[4]^[7] 'Black and Blue' was released by this line-up as a single in March 1971 on Festival's Infinity label, which peaked at No. 12 on the national singles charts in May.^[8] The second single, 'Judgement' released in July reached the top 40 nationally^[8] and was followed in September by their first studio album Toward the Blues,^[1]^[2]^[4] on the Infinity Records label (a subsidiary of Festival records). The album was produced by John L Sayers and recorded at TCS Studios. This included an extended version of their signature track, 'Black and Blue', and continued to sell steadily, eventually going gold over twenty years after its original release. A further single 'Gonna Miss you Babe' was recorded with this line-up at Festival Studios Sydney, also produced by Sayers. The classic line-up of Chain only lasted about eleven months (August 1970 to July 1971) at that time, when Harvey, M